M.Sc. Henrik Schneider

Contact

work +49 6151 16-28754
fax 28900

Work L6|01 113
Otto-Berndt-Str. 3
64287 Darmstadt

Reducing emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to limit global warming is one of the greatest challenges of our time. The transformation of the energy industry is ongoing towards carbon-free or carbon neutral energy sources. While renewable energy sources like solar and wind power suffer from short- and long-term fluctuations, biomass combustion can produce large amounts of power and heat independent of seasonal and weather conditions.

Applying carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies to biomass combustion will result in carbon-negative emissions and therefore biomass energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) has a great potential to even reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. One promising concept to efficiently capture and store CO2 after the combustion process is burning biomass in an oxyfuel atmosphere. Thereby large amounts of exhaust gases consisting mostly of CO2 and H2O are recirculated into the combustion chamber and pure oxygen is added.

The replacement of N2 by CO2 and H2O in an oxyfuel atmosphere strongly influences the combustion. Different temperature and velocity profiles as well as combustion instabilities can be observed. For a detailed understanding of the chemical and physical processes the SFB/Transregio 129 Oxyflame, which is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG), was set up in 2013. Its vision is to develop methods and models to achieve “predictive engineering” as a design tool for the engineering of burners and boilers with oxyfuel combustion.

Figure 1: Optically accessible solid fuel combustion chamber at RSM.
Figure 1: Optically accessible solid fuel combustion chamber at RSM.

An optically accessible combustion chamber in the power range up to 70 kWth is operated under oxyfuel conditions at the RSM. The full optical access allows the application of optical and laser diagnostics to investigate key combustion quantities in-situ with high spatial and temporal resolution.

Advanced optical diagnostic techniques including Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV), Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF), Thermographic Phosphor Thermometry (TPT), Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS), Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) and Laser-Induced Incandescence (LII) are used to gain a more detailed understanding of fundamental solid fuel combustion characteristics and the oxyfuel combustion process.

The scope of our work is to gain a deeper understanding of fluid-mechanical, particle-dynamical and chemical processes underlying pulverized solid fuel combustion under oxyfuel conditions in the near-nozzle region. These mutually coupled processes determine volatilization, mixing, ignition and flame stabilization. Studies are also being carried out to investigate the mechanisms of pollutant formation.

The comprehensive set of data is used in cooperation with partners to improve mathematical modelling and supports validation of numerical simulation.

Figure 2: Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) applied to a flat flame burner
Figure 2: Coherent anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS) applied to a flat flame burner
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